In astonishingly general terms, there are 3 main techniques used. You want to be agile enough to switch tactics quickly as the action of the match unfolds.
The Blockade
This involves assembling a 6-deep wall of pieces, or at a minimum as deep as you might manage, to barricade in your opponent’s pieces that are on your 1-point. This is considered to be the most suitable tactic at the begining of the match. You can build the wall anyplace inbetween your 11-point and your 2-point and then shift it into your home board as the game advances.
The Blitz
This is comprised of closing your home board as quickly as as you can while keeping your opponent on the bar. i.e., if your competitor tosses an early two and moves one piece from your 1-point to your three-point and you then roll a 5-5, you can play six/one 6/1 8/3 eight/three. Your challenger is now in big-time calamity taking into account that they have two pieces on the bar and you have locked half your inner board!
The Backgame
This strategy is where you have two or higher pieces in your opponent’s inner board. (An anchor spot is a position consisting of at least two of your pieces.) It must be employed when you are decidedly behind as it much improves your opportunities. The better areas for anchor spots are near your competitor’s smaller points and also on abutting points or with one point separating them. Timing is important for an effective backgame: after all, there’s no reason having two nice anchors and a complete wall in your own inner board if you are then forced to break down this straight away, while your opponent is getting their checkers home, considering that you don’t have any other spare pieces to shift! In this situation, it is more tolerable to have checkers on the bar so that you can maintain your position until your competitor gives you a chance to hit, so it can be an excellent idea to attempt and get your competitor to hit them in this situation!